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basic concepts of capital: cooperation and division of labor and manufacturing, machinery and large industrial

D as chapter eleventh and twelfth and thirteenth of the capital, we are here brushing is very short. They bear the title cooperation, division of labor and manufacturing and large industrial machinery, and the chapters are particularly from a socio-logical perspective, something interesting. The basic economic theories of Marx, we have seen the last time, precision Hall, again in the space of the factory and the factory. Much of what Marx writes here, should be interesting as a source for those interested in history.

says Marx cooperation with the cooperation of many workers in a factory: The productivity increases, since it makes it possible both to carry out joint work, as in dividing the work better. The combination of division of labor and machine production capitalism procured an incredible increase in productivity. At the same time the individual worker becomes increasingly easy to replace. The same will note a few years later, sociology stylite Max Weber. Of course, a development that goes far beyond the gates of the factory and into all areas of life overlaps: Up to the university and the media. The specialist / specialist has so man is now everywhere in society, the ambivalent properties, on the one hand involved in society to integrate, to "exploit" in her other hand to but can also be completely interchangeable and replaceable.


What was sealed herewith, was not only the "slavery" in the factories: man became the proverbial cog in a monstrous machinery to incorporate it. Their persistence was sealed: The view outside the box was difficult. The old humanist ideal of education in this sense is truly human, a man under: From the time that the General of the Education as is retreated education and towards specialization, we have squandered this humanity, which is also currently in the openness was compared with various options.

But back to the old Marx: Through all these chapters is in the machine as his fascination and threat. As we have seen is the last time, technological progress, Marx has a significant role: More sophisticated techniques offer the possibility for a time a significant competitive advantage to have. Because of this, but usually not maintained for a long time, as the other capitalists, the technical innovations soon to operate well, or is this even decide to improve the technology further, to turn to again have an advantage, is the inner logic of capitalism impressive driving force technical innovation, and innovation. This is quite the Marx Joseph Schumpeter, who speaks from these pages. But Marx never lost the joy: for the machines and all the technical progress for the first time in the history of real competition for manpower. The Luddites, the British Luddites at the beginning of the 19th Century, Marx noted, are now almost forgotten. Their fight was for the machines themselves, which made its work force redundant: The winner is determined undoubtedly remain. The age is, as Heidegger once remarked, fully dedicated to the art.

The enormous wealth and high-tech equipment in every home, are one side of the coin today. The other Page, for example, shows Richard Sennett with the "specter of uselessness" that afflicts the people of today, even though they have to bear in spite of all her body to the market. But perhaps this page represent some 250 million Chinese migrant workers who move in search of impoverished working through the country.